Working from memory, and down from destroyer. (Only good for FS2)
Bastion and Vengence have both been used by ships of the Royal Navy. On the NTF side, so have Repulse and Vindicator.
Monitor; lot of ships have used the name, to be fair, but the most famous is of course the USS
Monitor, Eriksson's turreted ironclad, nemesis of the CSS
Virginia. Actium and Lysander have both been used as the names of Royal Navy warships, possibly more than once. So has Steadfast, and Warspite has already been mentioned. NTF ships only include one to my knowledge: Congreve.
Trafalgar, Champion, Vigilant, Agrippa, Malta have all been used by RN warships on the GTVA side. Glorious has been used by more than one of the ships of the Royal Navy. Likewise for the Refute, Majestic, Outrage, Impervious, Conquest, Explorer, Undaunted, Vanguard, Retribution, Vengence, and Vindication, all NTF cruisers.
Also an upset, the Vasudans come in with two: Andromeda and Mirage.
In retrospect it makes sense only one USN ship would be on the list, as the United States Navy names their ships for states or cities and past officers or battles for the most part. This could be interpreted as a little retro in feel, perhaps. On the other hand, it makes you wonder slightly where

was actually based during the production to see so many RN names pop up.